If you are suffering from a recurring ear, nose or throat problem that is notresponding to medical treatment, your ENT specialist may advise surgery, forwhich the skills of a specially qualified ENT surgeon will be required. An ENTsurgeon is also known as an otolaryngologist or otorhinolaryngologist. Themedical term ‘otorhinolaryngologist’ is derived from the Classical Greek words ‘ot’ meaning ear, ‘rhino’ meaning nose, ‘laryng’ meaning throat, and ‘logy’meaning study. It literally means ‘the study of the ear, nose and throat’.

ENT surgeons specialise in performing surgery for the treatment ofvarious conditions, diseases and deformities, related to the ears, nose, throat,head and neck. They are basically medical doctors with undergraduate degrees (MD, DO, MBBS, MBChB), who have completed at leastone year of general surgical residency, and at least four years of ear, nose andthroat surgical residency. In addition, some ENT surgeons complete specialtraining programmes to specialise in fields such as pediatric ENT, laryngologyand otology.

In a modern ENTclinic, an ENT surgeon is usually supported by ENT doctors as well as trainednurses, anaesthetists and other medicalassistants. Some common types of surgery performed by ENT surgeons are:

•  Tonsillectomy: This procedure is one of the mostcommon surgeries performed by an ENT surgeon. It is usually advised when apatient experiences recurrent infections of acute tonsillitis. Tonsillectomiescan result in discomfort for a few days, and may sometimes require a hospitalstay. Patients usually recover in about two to three weeks.
•   Rhinoplasty: This procedure can beperformed for aesthetic reasons, as well as for functional or reconstructivepurposes. The procedure usually lasts between one to four hours, depending onthe complexity of the particular case. In some cases, bone and cartilage isgrafted from other parts of the patient’s body, and transplanted to the nose.
•  Adenoidectomy: This procedure involves the removal ofthe adenoids, which are a single clump of tissue, located at the back of thenose. Some of the reasons for which removal is suggested are chronic infections,impaired breathing and earaches. Adenoidectomies are usually performed on anoutpatient basis, under general anaesthesia.
•   Removal of swellings: ENT surgeons may often have to remove cysts andswellings in the ear, nose, throat, neck and head area. In addition, they mayalso sometimes have to remove cancerous or non-cancerous tumours, as well.
•    Hearing loss: Individuals may sometimes lose theirability to hear properly, due to an accidental injury, infection, old age orother factors. In some cases, they may hear strange noises in their ears, like abuzzing, tinkling or squeaking. If the patient’s hearing does not get correctedthrough medicines or therapy, they may be advised ear surgery.

Ifyou have been advised to consult with an ENT surgeon by your doctor, you shouldchoose a highly experienced ENT surgeon, whom you trust and are comfortablewith.

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